For decades, politicians have used the ‘loudest of all in the village’ to heckle opponents during political rallies and shamelessly during funerals.
The loudest hecklers are slowly being replaced by a youthful, educated and digital literate online political bloggers who are doing it purposely to make money.
The political bloggers engage in publicity, information manipulation and smear campaigns against anyone who dares to speak the truth, challenge or question the actions of their sponsors who are usually political actors. Most of political bloggers will focus their campaigns on winning the next election for their sponsors.
Elveza Media interviewed several youthful political bloggers who blamed lack of employment opportunities for their choice of work.
“I’m doing it purposely to make money” Dennis (not his real name) who has been blogging for the last two years told Elveza Media.
Even though Dennis refused to disclose how much he is paid, it is estimated most bloggers earn between 100 and 300 shillings per assignment. Those with direct links to their sponsors keep most of the money for themselves and then subcontract upcoming bloggers.
“Some politicians in low level positions receive funds from politicians who are higher in leadership hierarchy for publicity purposes and end up keeping a huge chunk of the money for themselves and their close allies. It’s a very exploitative working environment but less risky than stealing” Dennis said
One interesting observation from our team during the interview is that Dennis was not aware some of the activities he had been engaging in, such as smear campaigns, are outright criminal activities.
Smear campaigns which are mostly ordered by political actors or by their close allies, use various tactics including spreading false information, launching personal attacks, or attempting to damage an opponent’s reputation through misleading or character assassination. Journalists, human rights defenders and political opponents who refuse to be ‘bought’ are regular targets by smear campaigners.
Tactics used by political bloggers include propaganda, trolling, misinformation, Malinformation and disinformation.
A research conducted in Austria in 2020, found that perceived dirty campaigning increases anger, frustration, and disgust towards campaigns. Over time, it increased distrust towards politicians and decreased trust in democracy.
“This method of campaigning is just noise, lies and deceit by politicians who don’t want to articulate what they have done for the people and also don’t want to have a responsibility to come up with real practical ideas that will solve problems affecting their electorates. It is an attack on our democracy and it is sad to see those who we entrusted with our votes to protect democracy are the ones funding this corrupt and unethical business model.” Agnes Wanjira who is human rights activist and a resident of Ngong told Elveza Media.
What everyone we interviewed agreed is that, civic education must be made available to educate electorates on the new emerging trends being used by politicians to influence elections outcome.